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Iterative Denoising Applied to 3D SPACE CAIPIRINHA: A New Approach to Accelerate 3D Brain Examination in Clinical Routine

December 26, 2020 by
High acceleration factors using standard CAIPIRINHA acceleration for cartesian trajectories, in combination with a modern iterative denoising (ID) reconstruction algorithm, can be applied to 3D SPACE, maintaining image sharpness with high SNR, for either reduced scan time or higher spatial resolution. [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques
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Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting for Precision Imaging in Neuro-Oncology

December 26, 2020 by
MRF represents a paradigm shift for reliable, repeatable, and consistent signal acquisition and modeling. The recent availability of this technique in the clinical realm may have a significant impact on tumor detection, characterization, and effective treatment planning. [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques
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A Path to Establishing MRSI as a Clinical Standard Imaging

June 15, 2020 by
Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) of the brain today can be achieved with whole-brain coverage and finds useful application in patients with brain tumors. [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques
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Experience after One Year with MRgFUS

January 3, 2020 by
MR-guided Focused Ultrasound (MRgFUS) is a novel, groundbreaking technology that allows incisionless surgery. In essential tremor, the target spot is the Ventralis Intermidius Thalamic (Vim) nucleus, located in the hemisphere contralateral to the affected body part. [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques
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Clinical Benefits of Multiple Post-Labeling Delay Pseudo-Continuous Arterial Spin Labeling (Multi-PLD PCASL) in Pediatric Patients with Moyamoya Disease

May 29, 2019 by
Moyamoya disease requires follow-up for a long period of time, and ASL is very well suited for the evaluation of this disease. The multi-PLD PCASL is significant as a screening tool because it provides information on whole-brain perfusion distribution in a 3D rCBF map as well as information on pseudo hemodynamics. [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates
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Advanced Neuroimaging and Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery

May 29, 2019 by
Advanced multi-modal MRI has the potential to simplify the patient’s presurgical workup, obviate the need for intracranial EEG monitoring and electrical stimulation, improve postoperative seizure outcome, and avoid or minimize postoperative neurological deficits. [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates
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Robust, Efficient, and Comprehensive Pediatric Imaging with BioMatrix Technology and High-End Applications

May 29, 2019 by
In the world of social media, the relationship between pediatrics and MRI would be: “It’s complicated.” Most important regardless is that MRI is a completely radiation-free technique, making it an excellent tool of first choice… [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates, spine
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CAIPRINHA and SPACE – a Winning Combination

March 1, 2019 by
3D Localization is an efficient and reliable way to localize cardiac views, especially in unfamiliar anatomical territory e.g. complex cardiomyopathies, post- surgical changes, or animal scans. For new trainees, the ability to visualize anatomy in 3D also promotes a better understanding and appreciation of the required angulations. [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates, the joints
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Fetal MR Imaging: An Overview

December 3, 2018 by
Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is an MR perfusion technique which uses magnetically labeled arterial blood as tracer for measuring local tissue perfusion [1–4]. [...]
Filed Under: brain, chest, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates, spine

ASL Perfusion Imaging: Clinical Experience in Patients with Cerebrovascular Steno-Occlusive Disease

December 3, 2018 by
Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is an MR perfusion technique which uses magnetically labeled arterial blood as tracer for measuring local tissue perfusion [1–4]. [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates
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Cerebral Blood Flow Measurements in Elderly Using Arterial Spin Labeling at 3T

November 7, 2018 by
Current research at the Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences at Maastricht University is focused on the long-term impact of specific dietary components and physical exercise on both CBF and cognitive performance. We primarily target overweight and slightly obese elderly while using ASL to quantify changes in (regional) CBF. [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates
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Brain Perfusion Imaging in a Case of Thalamic Stroke: a Clinical Application of 3D Pseudo-Continuous ASL (PCASL)

November 7, 2018 by
3D PCASL can be used for non-invasive monitoring of metabolic and functional correlates of a stroke lesion, both in the acute and chronic phase, and to evaluate areas beyond the local tissue damage. [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates
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FLAIR Fusion in Multiple Sclerosis Follow-up: An Indispensable Tool in Clinical Routine

February 6, 2018 by
MS follow-up leads to millions of brain MRI scans around the world. Depending on the number and size of inflammatory lesions, comparing successive exams to assess dissemination in time can be a challenging and lengthy process. Stéphane Cantin et al. (Grenoble, France) describes FLAIR image fusion with syngo.via, an easy to implement and cost-effective technique that allows faster and improved patient care compared to conventional frame-by-frame 3D FLAIR comparison. [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates
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To Add Myelin Detection to Your Neuro Protocol Without Additional Scan Time

December 8, 2017 by
The article describes the experiences with REMyDI (Rapid Estimation of Myelin for Diagnostic Imaging), a method of myelin detection in the brain, using a scan time of approximately 6 minutes. [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates
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Optimizing Fiducial Markers for MRI-based Radiotherapy

September 12, 2017 by
Fiducial markers need to fulfill many, sometimes competing, criteria when used for MRI based radiotherapy treatment planning. This article covers the development and optimization of markers. [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates
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Performing Gynecologic Brachytherapy in the Medical Innovation Technical Expert Center

September 12, 2017 by
Houda Bahig et al. describe their intensity modulated radiotherapy planning workflow with MRI for locally advanced head-and-neck cancer (HNC) and discuss the current role of MRI in HNC treatment planning. [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates
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MRI in Head and Neck Radiotherapy Planning

September 12, 2017 by
Houda Bahig et al. describe their intensity modulated radiotherapy planning workflow with MRI for locally advanced head-and-neck cancer (HNC) and discuss the current role of MRI in HNC treatment planning. [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates
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Assessing Brain Volumes Using MorphoBox Prototype

June 12, 2017 by
This review focuses on 8 critical questions regarding gadolinium deposition in the brain and body, with the answers and discussion therein important for future regulatory decisions and clinical practice. [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates
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First Experiences with the World’s First MAGNETOM Vida

June 12, 2017 by
This review focuses on 8 critical questions regarding gadolinium deposition in the brain and body, with the answers and discussion therein important for future regulatory decisions and clinical practice. [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, heart, liver, Software & Hardware Updates, whole body
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High-resolution, Anatomically-accurate Diffusion-weighted Imaging of Orbital and Sinonasal Lesions with RESOLVE

April 26, 2017 by
This paper reviews four recently published studies where RESOLVE was shown to be clinically effective in the diffusion-weighted imaging of sinonasal and optic pathologies. It also demonstrates the clinical value that RESOLVE brings to the detection and characterization of the diseases in these regions. [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates, New Technologies & Advances, Software & Hardware Updates
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Overview of Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting

April 28, 2016 by
This overview of Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting describes the basic concepts of MRF and illustrates some clinical applications. [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates, New Technologies & Advances, the joints
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New ‘ADC & b-value’ Tool in syngo.via

April 28, 2016 by
This article describes the feature ‘ADC & computed b-value’ available on Siemens’ syngo.via VB10. This new tool provides an increased degree of freedom in the choice of the b-value for disease detection and characterization. [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates, New Technologies & Advances, the joints
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Pediatric Pathologies that have Leukocoria as Presenting Sign: the Podium

January 31, 2016 by
The article features the clinical and imaging signs and differential diagnosis of Retinoblastoma, persistent fetal vasculature and Coats’ disease. View/Download [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates, New Technologies & Advances, the joints
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Safety of the Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Focusing in Part on Their Accumulation in the Brain and Especially the Dentate Nucleus

March 26, 2016 by
The established class of intravenous contrast media for magnetic resonance imaging is the gadolinium chelates, more generally referred to as the gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs). [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates, Contrast Media Updates
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Launch of the world’s first 7 T MR platform intended for clinical use (Siemens)

June 22, 2015 by MRI
Erlangen, Germany, May 31, 2015 — Siemens announced at the Toronto ISMRM (International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine) meeting the launch of the world’s first 7 T MR platform intended for clinical use. Important advances include a new, light, actively shielded magnet with zero helium boil-off and dual operating modes, enabling rapid switching between research […] [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates, New Technologies & Advances, the joints
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CAIPIRINHA – Revisited

November 18, 2015 by
The development ofmulti coil receiver hardware as well as dedicated parallel acquisition techniques (PAT) and respective reconstruction methods allowed for a significant decrease of acquisition times in almost all clinical applications. This article provides a brief overview of 2D- and MS-CAIPIRINHA. [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates, New Technologies & Advances, the joints
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Accelerated Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Skeletal Muscle Using Simultaneous Multi-Slice Acquisition

December 18, 2015 by
Simultaneous multi-slice acquisition with CAIPIRINHA reduces the scan time in diffusion-weighted MRI. In this article, early experience with this technique for accelerated DTI of skeletal muscle is shown. [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates, New Technologies & Advances, the joints
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Simultaneous Multi-Slice (SMS) Imaging for Pre-Surgical BOLD fMRI and Diffusion Tractography: Case Illustrations

December 29, 2015 by
The presented case studies illustrate that SMS can increase the statistical confidence of fMRI and diffusion tractography results. These gains may be used to increase spatial image resolution and coverage, to improve spatial coregistration to high-resolution anatomical scans for intra-operative neuro-navigation, and / or to shorten acquisition times. [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates, New Technologies & Advances, the joints
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Quiescent Interval Single-Shot (QISS) Lower Extremity MRA for the Diagnosis of Peripheral Artery Disease: Case Presentations

December 29, 2015 by
Case presentation of non-contrast QISS MRA providing high diagnostic accuracy for the detection of hemodynamically significant arterial stenosis of the lower extremities at both 1.5 and 3T. [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates, New Technologies & Advances, the joints
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Point-of-Care MR Imaging and How We can Learn from Other Imaging Modalities. Thoughts on a Potential New Strategy

November 18, 2015 by
The article introduces point-of-care MRI, an extremely focused and goal-directed examinations strategy, that could reduce examination time and patient comfort. [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates, New Technologies & Advances, the joints
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Simultaneous Multi-Slice (Slice Accelerated) Diffusion EPI: Early Experience for Brain Ischemia and Cervical Lymphadenopathy

November 18, 2015 by
In single shot EPI, the entirety of k-space is traversed after one shot (excitation). Readout-segmentation acquires k-space in multiple shots for reduced TE and encoding time. Real-time reacquisition of unusable shots is also supported. [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates, New Technologies & Advances, the joints
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Clinical Case: 3 Tesla MR Neurography-Guided Posterior Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Block

October 2, 2015 by
The high SNR available at 3T provides the ability to perform high-resolution MR neurography-guided perineural injections for highly accurate visualization of small nerve as well as needle targeting and perineural injection. This case report demonstrates how this techniques facilitates accurate targeting of the PFCN.  Download/View PDF [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates, New Technologies & Advances, the joints
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syngo MR XA10 – Your New Work Environment for More Comfortable Scanning and Intuitive Image Processing

March 8, 2017 by
In this article we share some of our experiences over the last few years with MR upgrades. [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Clinical Imaging, Software & Hardware Updates
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Case Series: Utilization of the Pediatric 16 Coil for 1.5T and 3T Systems

February 3, 2017 by
In this article we share some of our experiences over the last few years with MR upgrades. [...]
Filed Under: abdomen, Anatomic Regions, bones, brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Updates, heart, Software & Hardware Updates, spine
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Long-term Experience with MR Upgrades

November 23, 2016 by
In this article we share some of our experiences over the last few years with MR upgrades. [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Updates, Software & Hardware Updates
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Rapid Estimation of Myelin for Diagnostic Imaging (REMyDI)

November 23, 2016 by
The article describes a new MRI myelin detection model to measure the presence of myelin by its effect on the surrounding cellular water, and discusses clinical applications of this technique. Download/View PDF [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates, New Technologies & Advances
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Val M. Runge, MD – ASNR 2015 – Pearls and Pitfalls in Neuroradiology of Cerebrovascular Disease – The Essentials with MR and CT

May 17, 2015 by MRI
This educational exhibit was presented at the ASNR 2015 meeting, with imaging performed on a 3 T Siemens Skyra MR system. The full reference for the exhibit is given below. Runge V, Smoker W, Valavanis A. Pearls and Pitfalls in Neuroradiology of Cerebrovascular Disease – The Essentials with MR and CT. ASNR 53rd Annual Meeting, […] [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates, Meet The Experts, New Technologies & Advances, Val M. Runge

Val M. Runge, MD – ASNR 2015 – Simultaneous Multi-Slice (Slice Accelerated) Diffusion EPI

May 17, 2015 by MRI
This educational exhibit was presented at the ASNR 2015 meeting, with imaging performed on a 3 T Siemens Skyra MR system. The full reference for the exhibit is given below. Runge V, Richter J, Beck T, Piccirelli M, Valavanis A. Simultaneous Multi-Slice (Slice Accelerated) Diffusion EPI. ASNR 53rd Annual Meeting, April 25-30, 2015, Chicago, Illinois […] [...]
Filed Under: brain, Clinical Imaging, Clinical Methods & Techniques, Clinical Updates, Meet The Experts, New Technologies & Advances, Val M. Runge

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

November 17, 2014 by
subarachnoid hemorrhage well seen on T2 fl2d coronal GRE, subarachnoid hemorrhage of unknown reason, may have small thrombosed cortical vein – very small, on pre-contrast T1, also likely small adjacent skull hemangioma, seen on both CT and MR Part of the on-line supplement to Neuroradiology – The Essentials with MR and CT (© 2015) [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Textbooks
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ACOM aneurysm

October 14, 2014 by
A flow void is noted in the region of the anterior communicating artery (ACOM) on an axial T2-weighted image, with signal intensity corresponding to arterial flow on an axial source image from a 3D TOF MRA. CE MRA images further confirm the aneurysm, with the right A1 segment of the ACA noted to be very […] [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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ACA aneurysm

October 27, 2014 by
Note the prominent pulsation artifact in the first image (a FSE T1-weighted scan at 3 T), seen propagating in the left-right dimension. On the post-contrast image (a short TE GRE scan), the aneurysm is well depicted, other than partial volume effects (due to the 4 mm slice thickness). This 2D scan is relatively immune to […] [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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Acute cerebellar hemorrhage

September 25, 2014 by
Acute cerebellar hemorrhage, hypertensive. A large acute parenchymal hemorrhage is seen in the left cerebellar hemisphere, on sagittal, axial, and coronal reformatted images from a non-contrast CT exam. Note the vasogenic edema circumferential to this hematoma. Hemorrhage is also seen in the fourth ventricle on the axial image, with interstitial edema and ventricular enlargement noted […] [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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Acute infarction of the caudate head and lentiform nucleus

September 19, 2014 by
Both structures are supplied by the lateral lenticulostriate arteries, which originate from the MCA. The caudate nucleus is also supplied by the medial lenticulostriate arteries, which arise from the ACA. The recurrent artery of Heubner, which supplies the anteromedial caudate nucleus and the anteroinferior internal capsule, is the largest of the medial lenticulostriate arteries, and […] [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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Acute lacunar infarction, posterior limb of the internal capsule

October 18, 2014 by
The patient was hypertensive, and presented for CT (which was negative) with acute hypoesthesia involving the left side of the body. The MR was obtained 15 hours later, and reveals a small acute lacunar infarct in the internal capsule on the right. Due to the ability to detect cytotoxic edema, with diffusion weighted imaging, MR […] [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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Acute medial medullary infarct

September 25, 2014 by
Abnormal hyperintensity is noted in the right medial medulla on both T2- and diffusion-weighted scans, which corresponds to vasogenic and cytotoxic edema, respectively. The medial medulla is most often described as being supplied by the anterior spinal artery. The medial medullary syndrome, also known as Dejerine syndrome, is caused by infarction of this region. It […] [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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Acute parenchymal hemorrhage, due to an underlying AVM

September 25, 2014 by
Acute parenchymal hemorrhage, due to an underlying AVM. A large acute parenchymal hematoma is noted in the right frontal lobe. Post-contrast, there is tubular like enhancement within and immediately posterior to the hemorrhage, most consistent with acute extravasation of blood. The coronal thick MIP from the CTA study reveals a small nidus of arterial enhancement […] [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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Acute subarachnoid hemorrhage from a small ACOM aneurysm

September 25, 2014 by
The images presented include an axial unenhanced CT, a coronal MIP from the CTA, and a 3D magnified view of the aneurysm from the CTA, obtained using volume rendering technique (VRT). The latter shows the distal internal carotid artery, the two anterior cerebral arteries, and the small multi-lobulated aneurysm originating from the ACOM, near its […] [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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Acute superior cerebellar artery (SCA) infarction

September 25, 2014 by
Acute superior cerebellar artery (SCA) infarction, with an accompanying small unilateral pontine infarct. Hypodensity is seen on CT in a portion of the SCA territory, with hyperintensity on axial T2-weighted MR (and sagittal FLAIR), both due to vasogenic edema. The presence of restricted diffusion is confirmed on the ADC map, reconstructed from the diffusion scans. […] [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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Acute subdural and parenchymal hemorrhage, from an underlying AVM

September 25, 2014 by
Acute subdural and parenchymal hemorrhage, from an underlying AVM, in a patient with fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD). Intracranial aneurysms are a well known associated finding in FMD, with the occurrence of intracranial arteriovenous malformations less common. On axial CT, both the acute subdural and parenchymal hematomas are well demonstrated, together with midline shift and compression of […] [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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Anaplastic astrocytoma (WHO grade III), CT and MR

October 18, 2014 by
A focal, mildly hyperdense, lesion is noted on CT in the right centrum semiovale, with restricted diffusion and no abnormal contrast enhancement. rCBV is mildly elevated. The hyperdensity on CT is unusual, with the diffusion restriction (confirmed on the ADC map, not shown) correctly suggesting a higher-grade lesion, with the lesion appearing on other scans […] [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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Anaplastic ependymoma (WHO grade III), in an 18 month old infant

October 18, 2014 by
There is a large enhancing extra-axial mass lying within the 4th ventricle and extending into the foramen of Luschka on the left. Heterogeneity of the lesion with cystic and necrotic areas is characteristic, along with the previously described findings. Most patients are one to five years in age, and present – as this child – […] [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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Aneurysm, cavernous carotid artery

October 13, 2014 by
A small mass lesion is noted within the left cavernous sinus on both CT and MR (axial imaging), with CT revealing enhancement therein. MRA confirms this to be an aneurysm, with the DSA provided for comparison (from an initial balloon test occlusion study). This 12 mm aneurysm of the cavernous segment of the internal carotid […] [...]
Filed Under: arteries of the brain, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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B cell lymphoma

October 14, 2014 by
A hyperintense periventricular mass lesion with accompanying vasogenic edema is noted in the right occipital lobe. The mass is hyperintense on DWI, with disruption of the blood-brain barrier (enhancement) demonstrated post-contrast. The mass had restricted diffusion (reflected by the high SI on DWI), which is compatible with primary CNS lymphoma, a diagnosis confirmed at surgery. […] [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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Brain metastases, melanoma

September 25, 2014 by
Pre- and post-contrast axial T1-weighted scans are illustrated. Pre-contrast, several small lesions in the frontal lobes, in particular on the left, demonstrate hyperintensity. Numerous small nodular enhancing lesions are noted post-contrast, all at the gray-white matter junction. Hemorrhagic metastases are seen in up to 15% of brain metastases. A mnemonic for the primary tumors that […] [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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Calvarial metastasis from breast carcinoma, with hyperostosis frontalis interna

October 18, 2014 by
A large lytic skull lesion is noted on CT, along with benign thickening along the inner table of the frontal bone (an incidental finding). MR depicts well the soft tissue mass within the skull, which is slightly expansile and easily distinguished pre-contrast from the adjacent fatty marrow, with enhancement post-contrast. Part of the on-line supplement […] [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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Cavernous malformation, with an associated developmental venous anomaly

September 25, 2014 by
On CT, a small, well delineated, hyperdense, round, focal lesion is seen pre-contrast, to the right and posterior to the fourth ventricle. On axial T2-weighted scans, a complete hemosiderin rim is demonstrated, together a “popcorn ball” appearance centrally, with mixed high and low signal intensity – all characteristic for a cavernous malformation. Just lateral and […] [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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Cerebellar hemangioblastoma

September 25, 2014 by
Cerebellar hemangioblastoma on MR, von Hippel Lindau syndrome. Well seen on axial T2- and sagittal post-contrast T1-weighted scans is a cystic cerebellar lesion with an enhancing mural nodule. This lesion is also illustrated on CT in an accompanying figure. A solid enhancing nodule (along the periphery of the cyst) would be the most characteristic imaging […] [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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Cerebellar hemangioblastoma on CT

September 25, 2014 by
Cerebellar hemangioblastoma on CT, von Hippel Lindau syndrome. Post-contrast scans in all three orthogonal planes reveal a cystic cerebellar lesion, with an enhancing mural nodule, the most common imaging presentation for a hemangioblastoma. Part of the on-line supplement to Neuroradiology – The Essentials with MR and CT (© 2015) [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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Cerebral abscess

October 18, 2014 by
A small lesion with a thin, uniform rim of contrast enhancement and moderate associated vasogenic edema is noted in the left postcentral gyrus. Note that the periphery of the lesion is slightly hypointense on the coronal FLAIR scan, which is characteristic of an abscess, together with restricted diffusion (well seen in this patient, but with […] [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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Choroidal fissure cyst

October 18, 2014 by
These are considered a normal variant, and occur in the medial temporal lobe. They have a characteristic spindle shape on sagittal images (not illustrated), demonstrate CSF signal intensity, and expand slightly the choroidal fissure of the temporal lobe. Part of the on-line supplement to Neuroradiology – The Essentials with MR and CT (© 2015) [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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Convexity meningioma

September 25, 2014 by
Axial, sagittal, and coronal images reveal a round extra-axial lesion, with a broad base along the dura of the convexity, and a small associated dural tail. Additional typical findings for the diagnosis include relative isointensity to brain on the T1-weighted scan, slight hyperintensity on T2-weighted scans, and homogeneous contrast enhancement. Part of the on-line supplement […] [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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Brain abscess

June 30, 2014 by
Clinical History: This 5-year old boy presented with an acute headache and vomiting for 12 hours. The patient had a clinical history of cholesteatoma surgery in the recent past, involving the right mastoid.   Diagnosis: Brain abscess   MR Technique: Contrast-enhanced brain MR imaging was performed on a 3T system following an unenhanced CT scan […] [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Cases, Clinical Imaging, Meet The Experts, Xiaoming Li
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Convexity meningioma with invasion of the superior sagittal sinus and the calvarium，CT

September 25, 2014 by
An enhancing lesion is identified along and to the left of the falx posteriorly, with occlusion of the superior sagittal sinus (diagnosed by the lack of enhancement). A portion of the sinus and adjacent draining cortical veins are identified along the anterior margin of the lesion. The calvarium is focally involved, with expansion, osteolysis and […] [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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Convexity meningioma with invasion of the superior sagittal sinus and the calvarium，MR

September 25, 2014 by
In an accompanying figure, the CT findings in this case are presented. An extra-axial mass lesion is noted, adjacent to and to the left of the falx. The superior sagittal sinus is occluded. Meningiomas with restricted diffusion (hyperintensity on DWI), as in this example, tend to be malignant or highly atypical. The sagittal post-contrast exam […] [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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Craniosynostosis

October 18, 2014 by
CT reveals a normal right coronal suture, with bony bridging of the suture on the left. The result is an abnormal shape to the skull, which is asymmetrical, and termed plagiocephaly (which can involve either the coronal suture, as in this patient, or the lambdoid suture). No gross structural abnormalities are noted involving the brain. […] [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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Early subacute infarct along the lateral ventricle, in a patient with extensive chronic small vessel white matter ischemic disease

October 18, 2014 by
A large lacunar infarct is seen in the white matter of the corona radiata, immediately adjacent to the left lateral ventricle. The infarct demonstrates both vasogenic edema, seen with abnormal high signal intensity on the T2-weighted scan, and cytotoxic edema, seen as restricted diffusion (low intensity) on the ADC map. Thus, the lesion is early […] [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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Early subacute pinpoint cortical infarct, left precentral gyrus

October 23, 2014 by
The patient presented 6 days prior to the MR exam with right arm and facial paralysis. NIHSS=3 (minor stroke), which improved to 0 (no stroke symptoms). CT at the time of symptom onset was negative. Multiple small focal areas of gliosis or edema (with high signal intensity) are seen on the coronal FLAIR, with a […] [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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Falx meningioma, with interval growth

September 25, 2014 by
The first post-contrast coronal T1-weighted scan was obtained six years prior to the second exam, with coronal FLAIR and post-contrast T1-weighted scans illustrated from the second exam. There has been interval growth of the lesion, substantial when viewed from a volume perspective. The lesion was electively removed, prior to possible involvement of the superior sagittal […] [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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Focal cortical dysplasia

October 14, 2014 by
There is focal cortical thickening and a relatively poorly defined transition between gray and white matter, seen in the left frontal lobe on axial and coronal scans, in this 18 month old with intractable seizures. Part of the on-line supplement to Neuroradiology – The Essentials with MR and CT (© 2015) [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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Ganglioglioma (cystic)

September 25, 2014 by
Presenting with seizure,a small intra-axial mass lesion is noted in the posterior temporal lobe in this young adult male. There is a small amount of associated vasogenic edema. Post contrast, the enhancement is predominantly rim-like in character, with likely both a solid (posteriorly) and a cystic component to the lesion. Part of the on-line supplement […] [...]
Filed Under: Anatomic Regions, brain, Chapter ONE - Brain, Meet The Experts, Neuroradiology - The Essentials with MR and CT, Val M. Runge
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